This course will focus on federal and state administrative law research skills and provide students opportunities to practice these skills. Students will learn how to identify, evaluate, and use primary and secondary administrative law materials from both free and commercial sources and will apply this knowledge to skills exercises, presentations, and a final project. There is no focus on one area of law, but a holistic approach to understanding the regulatory process through the legal materials it produces. Students will walk away from this course knowing how to conduct research on any governmental agency or regulatory topic. This course is useful to law students because in many areas of legal practice, administrative law is more prevalent and relevant than statutory and judicial authority.
 
Course Concentrations:
Health Law (Area of Focus) More information

A study of legal issues arising in the maritime and recreational boating industry, including admiralty jurisdiction, maritime liens, salvage, cargo, carriage of goods by sea, charter parties, general average, the rights of seamen and maritime workers, collision and limitation of liability.
 
Course Concentrations:
Environmental Law (Area of Focus) More information
Environmental Law (Concentration) More information

Whether you are arguing to an appellate judge, a trial judge, or the senior partner in a law firm, you need to know how to make a strong legal argument. Rarely does this come naturally to people. This class helps students develop the skills to write effectively and argue under fire. The ability to anticipate questions, prepare and deliver answers to difficult questions, and weave back into your argument is so important. Through a series of mini-problems, lectures, and guest speakers, students will receive individualized, personal training that will be helpful in preparing them for the Gaubatz Competition (precursor to an invitation to the Charles C. Papy Moot Court Board). Note: Only students participating in the Gaubatz Competition are eligible to take this course.
 
Course Concentrations:
Litigation & Dispute Resolution (Concentration) More information
Social Justice & Public Interest (Area of Focus) More information
Social Justice & Public Interest (Concentration) More information

This course will discuss many of the tax issues faced by “the other 98%” of individual U.S. taxpayers. We will address those provisions of the Code directed towards families and lower income taxpayers, including taxation of social security benefits, tip income, the tax treatment of “gig” workers, and other issues of the self-employed. We will discuss cancellation of indebtedness income (including COD in connection with bankruptcy). The course will cover filing status (including heads of households), dependents (the definition of a dependent, why it matters, and which taxpayer can use each dependent to impact the results under particular tax provisions), the earned income tax credit, child tax credit, and other personal credits (eg education credits). We will discuss the “marriage penalty,” the costs and benefits of being “married filing jointly,” and tax treatment of "married filing separately," as well as tax issues related to divorce.
 

The course will cover various cross-border tax planning structures, both in the inbound and outbound contexts. Inbound planning will include a discussion on financing structures, treaty planning, and the use of derivatives in cross-border planning. Outbound planning will include the use of partnerships in international tax planning, a discussion on inversions, and advanced planning with foreign tax credits.
 

This course explores the intricate interplay between law and politics in the realm of Public International Law.

Beginning with an exploration of foundational concepts distinguishing legal frameworks from political processes, and others that unsettle such distinctions, participants in the course will embark on a deep dive into the production and evolution of international law. Through detailed analysis, we'll examine the emergence of peripheral sites and actors within international legal structures, challenging traditional understandings and illuminating new perspectives on the global legal landscape.

As we progress, our focus will shift to the dynamic relationship between international law and politics. Engaging in critical dialogue, we'll investigate the mutual critiques between scholars of international law and various schools of thought in international relations, unpacking the complex dynamics that shape legal and geopolitical discourse.

In the last part of our course, we'll investigate the transboundary diffusion of international and 'transnational' law, exploring how legal norms traverse borders and influence global governance structures.

This course promises an exploration of the nature of Public International Law, providing participants with an in-depth understanding of its contemporary challenges and implications. It is designed to deepen students’ knowledge of the international and transnational legal systems and provide insights on their interplay with international and domestic politics.
 

The class will cover both reproductive rights and reproductive justice. The first few classes focus the constitutional law relating to abortion, both the right to privacy under due process clause and discrimination on the basis of sex under equal protection. This portion will cover the Supreme Court's decision in Dobbs eliminating constitutional protection for abortion. Then the class will focus on select topics, which can range from religious challenges to abortion bans to compelled sterilization to the right to parent. Each student will also select a topic and teach half a class. Students may choose any topic related to reproductive rights or reproductive justice that intrigues them, whether it be the Court's reliance on originalism in Dobbs to the LGBTQ community's right to IVF to abstinence only sex-education, to name a few. There will probably be a guest lecturer or two.
 

Survey of beverage alcohol and governance of all 3 tiers of the beverage alcohol industry in conjunction with various state and federal alcoholic beverage statutory schemes, promulgated rules and decisional case law.
 

Provides a broad, historical overview of the legal systems of both ancient Greece and Rome. The focus of the course falls upon articulating the chief attributes of two very different legal frameworks from the ancient Mediterranean world: Greek law was primarily ‘procedural’ in nature, that is, concentrated above all on questions of process, jurisdiction, and the like, whereas Roman law was ‘substantive,’ considering inter alia rights, obligations, and offenses. In considering these differences, the course treats some of the most famous figures in the ancient canon—including Lysias, Demosthenes, and Cicero—as well as a range of legal topics from criminal law to family law, contracts, and delicts.

Room Location: Allen Hall 205
 

Antitrust is concerned with the problem of concentrated power. Our antitrust laws are incredibly broad in scope. They apply across a huge swath of the economy—antitrust cases have involved everything from Silicon Valley tech giants to local retailers, the legal profession, collegiate sports, hospitals and healthcare providers, restaurant franchisees, and much, much more. Given this broad scope, the study of antitrust allows us to better understand how modern political economies function and why businesses (large and small) behave the way they do. This course covers the three primary areas of modern U.S. antitrust enforcement: restraints of trade, monopolization, and harmful mergers and acquisitions.
 
Course Concentrations:
Business Compliance and Sustainability (Area of Focus) More information
Business Compliance and Sustainability (Concentration) More information
The Business of Innovation, Law and Technology: BILT (Concentration) More information
Transactional Law (Area of Focus) More information
Transactional Law (Concentration) More information

We will chronicle the fight for effective Assembly and Protest in the US. From the cases we will emphasize the narrative and social context of these disputes, demonstrating the presence of war, race, and class,, often intertwined with Protest. This ability to protest is necessary if democracy is to be affirmed. Perhaps we as American society do not want a true democracy or are not sure we want it. Or perhaps powerful individuals or groups do not want any democracy they don’t win. There are current indications: the “rigged” political primaries via super-delegates and calendar of primary elections in both major parties, the gerrymandered state legislatures by party, new limits on voter registration and eligibility, or the privileging of money in elections in Citizens United.. But if we want anything like democracy, then ordinary people, enfranchised or not, must be able to physically meet and organize independently of wealth or status. Throughout our history, legal protection of the right to assemble has been episodic and peripheral. More often Assembly has been suppressed by legal institutions, whether by courts, police, or military actions. Most often the issues have involved the most wrenching of social issues. The only viable place to do protect protest is in public assembly and organization. Mass Protest depends on meeting places. Traditionally this has depended on the streets and public places. The Right to Assemble, whether constitutional or moral, must be vigorously exercised and protected.
 

An intensive study of the problems of the debtor and creditor under federal bankruptcy law. The course will focus particularly on issues concerning the insolvency system, bankruptcy estate, the automatic stay, discharge in Chapter 7, the avoiding powers of the trustee, and reorganization in Chapter 11 and various strategies to achieve objectives. The text will be supplemented with lectures on rules, procedures and recent cases as well as practical methods of dealing with the subject matter.
 
Course Concentrations:
Business Compliance and Sustainability (Area of Focus) More information
Business Compliance and Sustainability (Concentration) More information
The Business of Innovation, Law and Technology: BILT (Concentration) More information

The Eleanor R. Cristol and Judge A. Jay Cristol Bankruptcy Pro Bono Assistance Clinic at Miami Law offers pro bono legal services to low-income individuals and entities that are dealing with financial problems. The Bankruptcy Bar Association of the Southern District of Florida together with Put Something Bank (the pro bono arm of the Miami Dade County Bar) established the clinic. Miami Law offers it as a one semester or a two-semester, six-credit elective that pairs students with various mentor attorneys to represent clients. How Students Benefit from Participating in this Clinic: • Students practice in Federal Court as advocates for their clients and network with members of the South Florida Bench and Bar. • These cases can be chapter 7s, chapter 13s, contested matters, adversary proceedings which can include cases such as fighting to help the debtor discharge student loans. Also, students counsel clients with respect to financial distress and solutions to problems. • Expert Mentorship – Students are placed with mentor bankruptcy attorneys in the community who really are at the top of their game. • Unparalleled Networking Opportunities – During the clinic students meet prospective future employers and attend numerous of bankruptcy events in the community such as View From the Bench, and numerous other Bankruptcy Bar Association events. • Fantastic Support – Clinic Director Patricia Redmond , Clinic Coordinator and mentor attorneys provide ongoing support, help and advice. Clients are referred to the clinic by the Dade County Bar Association, and sitting judges of the Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of Florida.
http://www.law.miami.edu/clinics/index.php 
Course Concentrations:
Litigation & Dispute Resolution (Concentration) More information
Social Justice & Public Interest (Concentration) More information

This is an intensive course intended for two types of students: those who are generally interested in international business transactions and want an overview of the most frequent method for resolving contractual disputes, and those who are intending to go on to take more intensive courses in the field of international dispute resolution. The course covers the framework and foundational principles of international arbitral procedure, as well as the role of courts in enforcing arbitration agreements and awards. This course is recommended for the following courses: Fall Semester: Advanced Oral Advocacy in International Arbitration; Arbitrating Cultural Heritage Disputes; Arbitration & ESG; Damages in International Arbitration; Drafting Complex Arbitration Clauses; Federal Arbitration Act; Forensics of Advocacy in International Arbitration I; International Arbitration in Latin America & the Caribbean; International Arbitration LL.M. Practicum I & II; International Commercial Arbitration Seminar: A United States Perspective; Maritime Arbitration. Spring Semester: Arbitral Institutions in a Changing and Challenging World; Complex International Negotiations; Forensics of Advocacy in International Arbitration II; ICSID Practice & Procedure; International Arbitration and the New York Convention; International Arbitration LL.M. Practicum I & II; International Law of State Responsibility; International Sports Arbitration; Investment Arbitration; Transnational Litigation and International Arbitration with a European Nexus. Short Course Attendance Policy: Due to the small number of meetings, attendance to all meetings/classes for short courses is mandatory. Students who miss more than one class session (i.e., 80 minutes) of a 1-credit short course are subject to administrative withdrawal and will receive a W for the course on their transcripts.
 
Course Concentrations:
Litigation & Dispute Resolution (Concentration) More information

This course examines the legal foundations, structuring, and governance of condominiums, homeowners’ associations, residential communities and mixed use projects. Examination of the Florida Condominium Act and the Homeowners Association Act will be undertaken with the goal of gaining familiarity operating within the framework created by such statutes, examining Developer rights and liabilities, sales and disclosure requirements, management issues, warranties, and related management and operational matters with a focus on hands-on problem-solving related to such projects. Participants will also analyze and draft project-specific community structuring documents. Although the course will focus on Florida law, the concepts covered in the course have broader application to similar condominium and planned land development laws in many state statutes.
 

This course covers the federal income tax consequences of various real property related transactions. Topics include the tax ramifications of the purchase, and retention and disposition of commercial and residential development projects. The course provides coverage of the differing tax treatment to individuals and the various investment entities of corporations, partnerships and limited liability companies. Business and financial planning are integrated into course lectures, including review of financial projections and real estate contract documents. Certain state tax and foreign (non-U.S.) tax issues are also discussed, where appropriate.
 

This course covers the federal income tax consequences of various real property related transactions. Topics include the tax ramifications of the purchase, and retention and disposition of commercial and residential development projects. The course provides coverage of the differing tax treatment to individuals and the various investment entities of corporations, partnerships and limited liability companies. Business and financial planning are integrated into course lectures, including review of financial projections and real estate contract documents. Certain state tax and foreign (non-U.S.) tax issues are also discussed, where appropriate.
 

Blockchain Technology and Business Strategies This course is an introduction to the application of Blockchain technology in different business environments and industries. Blockchain technology is a growing emerging technology that has attracted much attention and capital invested in cryptocurrencies and other applications. Today, almost all industries are building blockchain applications to adopt new ways of addressing business and technology problems and streamline business processes and enhance security and integrity of transactions. These new business models span both financial and non-financial business blockchain applications. The course will explore multiple use cases in different industries: Banking, Healthcare, Government, Real Estate, Retail, etc. The goal of this course is to introduce the student to blockchain and its ecosystem. The student will learn how to analyze the underlying business foundation of blockchain in multiple business cases and will acquire the basic technical foundation of blockchain. By the end of the course the student will have developed a clear understanding of Blockchain business models, technologies, use cases across multiple domains. Learning Outcomes • Understanding of Blockchain technology and high level understanding of the underlying technical framework underlying many of the blockchain applications such as cryptocurrencies. • Learn key use cases across various industries (Financial Services/Healthcare/Legal/Government). • Understanding the broader strategic and regulatory framework for applying blockchain in business settings. • Develop broad understanding of blockchain and blockchain ecosystem and applications. Course overview and schedule Day 1 • Overview of current technology trends and their disruptive force on today's business environments (Cloud/IoT/AI/Blockchain) Day 2 • Overview of Blockchain and how it works. The technical framework. Day 3 • How Blockchain capabilities are being applied in different business domains (healthcare, finance, legal, banking, government). ). You will develop key understanding of how blockchain applies in those business domains and in particular in the financial services and healthcare industries today. Day 4 • Discussion of key technical, legal and regulatory aspects of applying blockchain in business settings. Day 5 • Discuss strategic and technical frameworks for developing blockchain business/technology applications and strategies. Day 6 • Final Paper/Presentation - The student will develop and submit a blockchain business/technology strategy. The paper/presentation should identify a potential solution in a particular industry based on your understanding of blockchain and its potential application. The paper should explore potential opportunities and challenges within an industry of your choice. You can also propose an idea within your own organization and how this could be implemented and the potential outcome of such idea. Short Course Attendance Policy Due to the small number of meetings, attendance to all meetings/classes for short courses is mandatory. Students who miss more than one class session (80 minute) of a 1-credit short course are subject to administrative withdrawal and will have a W for the course on their transcripts.
 
Course Concentrations:
The Business of Innovation, Law and Technology: BILT (Concentration) More information
Transactional Law (Area of Focus) More information
Transactional Law (Concentration) More information

This course investigates the law pertaining to businesses, including the law of agency and partnership, limited partnerships, limited liability companies, and concluding with corporate law. Students will learn about the difference between public and private companies, key principles of corporate governance, and the life cycle of a business. This particular Business Associations course is also specifcally designed to prepare students who want to take the Transactional Skills Courses; who want to advise businesses of all sizes; or who may want to practice commercial litigation. Students are assumed to know nothing of business law, or indeed, of business itself. The course operates on the premise that all lawyers need to understand the underlying notions taught in this course. There is practically no area of human interaction that does not involve notions of agency. Partnerships can be complicated endeavors, but may also include small family entities. Likewise, corporations may be very large, or very small (again, things like family corporations). One need not be a "business lawyer" to encounter the fundamentals of business law and basic financial and accounting concepts, in areas as diverse as family law, commercial law and intellectual property. Indeed, it is difficult to imagine any legal practice that is divorced from concepts of business association law. Students will review actual contracts and corporate filings and engage in simulations that mirror what they would see in practice.
 
Course Concentrations:
Business Compliance and Sustainability (Area of Focus) More information
Business Compliance and Sustainability (Concentration) More information
The Business of Innovation, Law and Technology: BILT (Concentration) More information
Transactional Law (Area of Focus) More information
Transactional Law (Concentration) More information

This course is an introduction to agency, partnerships, LLCs and corporations, with a principal focus on the powers, rights, duties and liabilities of corporate directors, officers and shareholders. Topics will include the formation and financing of corporations, internal structure, corporate governance, the allocation of power among the various participants in the enterprise, basic fiduciary law and shareholder voting. Partnership and LLC law will be addressed principally in comparison to corporate law. In addition to the state corporation laws of several jurisdictions - principally Delaware and Florida (as a Model Act state) - the course will address selected federal securities law issues (such as proxy regulation) and the relationship between state and federal law regarding corporations.
 
Course Concentrations:
Business Compliance and Sustainability (Area of Focus) More information
Business Compliance and Sustainability (Concentration) More information
The Business of Innovation, Law and Technology: BILT (Concentration) More information
Transactional Law (Area of Focus) More information
Transactional Law (Concentration) More information

This course provides an introduction to the fundamentals of business immigration laws and procedure in the United States. The course will cover statutory and regulatory requirements, along with agency policies and procedures relating to professionals, artists, athletes, investors, entrepreneurs, and workers seeking to do business, and/or work in the United States. Students will learn to analyze statutes, regulations, legal decisions, policy memoranda, government manuals, and liaison minutes. This course will also present guest speakers in several visa categories, and may include mock consultations, government agency, and/or consulate interviews. Particular attention will be paid to the practical aspects of business immigration law with the goal of preparing students to effectively navigate through the government’s procedural labyrinth.
 
Course Concentrations:
Immigration, Asylum, and Citizenship Law Area of Focus (Area of Focus) More information

An initial exploration. During this weeklong seminar, students will be exposed to a variety of legal issues related to artificial intelligence, including: intellectual property ownership and enforcement, data reliability, and best practices.
 

Please visit:
https://www.law.miami.edu/academics/clinics 
Course Concentrations:
Health Law (Area of Focus) More information
Litigation & Dispute Resolution (Concentration) More information
Social Justice & Public Interest (Concentration) More information

This course will expand on several areas and concepts covered by Civil Procedure I and add additional topics. We will cover joinder of claims and parties, discovery, motion practice, complex litigation including class actions, the right to a civil jury trial, securing and enforcing judgments, and the binding effect of prior decisions. In all of these contexts, we will study the profound impact procedure has on outcome. Students will be asked to critically analyze the policies and goals that lie behind the procedural rules and consider how well the rules achieve those policies and goals. Students will also be challenged to consider whether the policies and goals underlying the procedural system, as well as the current rules, provide civil justice to all people.
 
Course Concentrations:
Litigation & Dispute Resolution (Concentration) More information
Social Justice & Public Interest (Area of Focus) More information
Social Justice & Public Interest (Concentration) More information

This two-credit course examines regulation of climate change from an international, national, and local perspective. The course will begin with an overview of climate change and the various legal and policy tools that have been adopted or proposed to address climate change through mitigation and adaptation. The class takes a top-down approach, beginning with the international climate change treaty regime (with a particular focus on the Paris Agreement). We follow with an investigation of federal laws addressing climate issues include the Inflation Reduction Act, the Clean Air Act, the Endangered Species Act, and the National Environmental Policy Act. From there we look to state and local efforts to combat climate change like California’s AB32 and Miami-Dade’s Climate Action Strategy. New cases involving state law claims (e.g., public trust doctrine, environmental rights, tort law, unfair business practices) provide particularly interesting new avenues for climate change litigation. Law students wishing to fulfill a writing requirement will be required to prepare and present a research paper and must be prepared to submit a research question and proposal before the third meeting of the class. There are spaces for 15 students do write a seminar paper (take note which version of the class you enroll in). Other students will have a take-home exam. This class does not meet after November 8, 2024. This class is a pre-requisite for students attending the annual climate change treaty negotiations (COP 29 in Azerbaijan).
 
Course Concentrations:
Environmental Law (Area of Focus) More information
Environmental Law (Concentration) More information
Social Justice & Public Interest (Area of Focus) More information
Social Justice & Public Interest (Concentration) More information

NON-WRITING SECTION - This two-credit course examines regulation of climate change from an international, national, and local perspective. The course will begin with an overview of climate change and the various legal and policy tools that have been adopted or proposed to address climate change through mitigation and adaptation. The class takes a top-down approach, beginning with the international climate change treaty regime (with a particular focus on the Paris Agreement). We follow with an investigation of federal laws addressing climate issues include the Inflation Reduction Act, the Clean Air Act, the Endangered Species Act, and the National Environmental Policy Act. From there we look to state and local efforts to combat climate change like California’s AB32 and Miami-Dade’s Climate Action Strategy. New cases involving state law claims (e.g., public trust doctrine, environmental rights, tort law, unfair business practices) provide particularly interesting new avenues for climate change litigation. Law students wishing to fulfill a writing requirement will be required to prepare and present a research paper and must be prepared to submit a research question and proposal before the third meeting of the class. There are spaces for 15 students do write a seminar paper (take note which version of the class you enroll in). Other students will have a take-home exam. This class does not meet after November 8, 2024. This class is a pre-requisite for students attending the annual climate change treaty negotiations (COP 29 in Azerbaijan).
 
Course Concentrations:
Environmental Law (Area of Focus) More information
Environmental Law (Concentration) More information
Social Justice & Public Interest (Area of Focus) More information
Social Justice & Public Interest (Concentration) More information

Three-quarters of the United States population is concentrated on the coastal margin where people meet the sea. Along the shorelines of thirty coastal and Great Lakes states is a preponderance of this Nation´s industrial investment: manufacturing, refining, hydropower generation, ship-building, offshore oil and gas development, offshore wind, and fisheries. These same shorelines which house the population and its industry, also provide sources of beauty, recreation, and food and safety for their inhabitants. Estuaries serve as the nursery grounds for coastal fisheries. Shellfish flourish throughout their full life cycle in tidal waters. Shorebirds stop to feed on tidal flats. Development competes with the preservation of the natural beauty of the shoreline. The human and industrial pressures, as well as climate change, threaten and/or destroy ecological balances. This course examines the competing interests in the coastal zone, the problems of public and private ownership rights, State and Federal issues, and the conflicts of legal jurisdiction. Shifts in federal policy, as well as varying policy considerations, are explored in depth. Specific state and federal statutes along with environmental concerns are integrated with the policy questions.
 
Course Concentrations:
Environmental Law (Area of Focus) More information
Environmental Law (Concentration) More information
Social Justice & Public Interest (Area of Focus) More information
Social Justice & Public Interest (Concentration) More information

This is a course in the law of secured transactions. The focus is upon Article 9 of the Uniform Commercial Code, although the course also covers transactions secured by interests in financial assets, much of which is governed by Article 8 of the UCC. The course proceeds by introducing the foundation concepts of the attachment, perfection, and priority of security interests, in considerable detail, including questions of the competition between security interests and Federal tax liens. It applies these foundational concepts to particular settings, including those involving securities, intellectual property (patents, copyrights, trademarks), leases and consignments, and fixtures. The student is introduced to problems involving the creation and enforcement of security interests in bankruptcy, including questions of preferences and fraudulent conveyances.
 
Course Concentrations:
Business Compliance and Sustainability (Area of Focus) More information
Business Compliance and Sustainability (Concentration) More information
The Business of Innovation, Law and Technology: BILT (Concentration) More information
Transactional Law (Area of Focus) More information
Transactional Law (Concentration) More information

With global specialization, trade is essential for life. Contracts must be concluded, goods shipped, and payments received. Much US trade law derives from the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) which you met in your Contracts course. This course includes selected topics in Article 2 (sales), Article 3 (negotiable instruments), Article 4A (payment orders), Article 5 (letters of credit), and Article 7 (bills of lading). More than half of the course will examine the largely independent life of Article 9 (secured transactions) which among other virtues helps soothe the fears of parties sending money and goods into the unknown.
This is a unique, rigorous, assignment-based, online, asynchronous course centered on approximately three hours of weekly session videos which open each Friday morning, preceded by detailed class prep assignments due midnight Thursday, and followed by wider-ranging post-video assignments due Tuesdays. Save for the 3-hour multiple-choice final exam proctored in-person at Miami Law the course could be taken from anywhere on earth with an appropriate Internet connection. Since assignments begin immediately, the course cannot be added after Classes Begin without written permission. You must complete all first eight course assignments to continue in the course.
Enrolled students are strongly advised to have the coursebook when the course begins, as it will not be possible to complete assignments without it (although PDFs of the first few chapters will be available on the course LMS). Note that the statutory supplement is only recommended as the relevant statute is available online.
 
Course Concentrations:
Business Compliance and Sustainability (Area of Focus) More information
Business Compliance and Sustainability (Concentration) More information
The Business of Innovation, Law and Technology: BILT (Concentration) More information
Transactional Law (Area of Focus) More information
Transactional Law (Concentration) More information

TBA
 
Course Concentrations:
Environmental Law (Area of Focus) More information
Environmental Law (Concentration) More information
Health Law (Area of Focus) More information
Social Justice & Public Interest (Area of Focus) More information
Social Justice & Public Interest (Concentration) More information

This course covers the history and scope of individual rights under the U.S. constitution. It begins by briefly exploring early models of constitutional decision-making using cases from the slavocratic regime as a context. We then trace the development of equal protection, due process and first amendment guarantees through to their contemporary formulations. In addition to our exploration of substantive law the courses is deeply concerned with how courts make decisions. We will also explore competing models of constitutional interpretation.
 
Course Concentrations: